> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.levelblue.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Glossary

> Definitions of terms used in the WebMarshal User Guide.

**Access Control List (ACL)**\
 A table that tells a computer operating system which access rights each user has to a particular system object, such as a file directory or individual file.

**Acceptable Use Policy (AUP)**\
 Rules and regulations governing the use of organizational email and Internet browsing.

**Active Directory**\
 The directory service implemented in the Windows 2000 or later environment to store often accessed information. It contains information about users, groups, computers, organizational units, and domains.

**Alert**\
 An indication of a significant event. Alerts are generated by WebMarshal services.

**Array**\
 A group of WebMarshal processing servers that use the same policy.

**Array Manager**\
 A WebMarshal service that controls configuration for all processing servers in a WebMarshal array, and connects to the WebMarshal Console and database. Also, the server running the array manager service.

**Attribute**\
 Computer characteristic, typically defined by a registry key or value. In XML, an attribute is a name-value pair within an element tag.

**Blended Threat**\
 A software attack that employs more than one vector to deliver a threat. One example is an email message containing a link to a malicious URL.

**Browser**\
 A software application that allows a user to access content from the internet, notably the World Wide Web.

**Browsing Session**\
 See Session.

**Cache**\
 See Proxy Cache.

**Certificate Revocation List**\
 A web response that lists SSL certificates marked as "revoked" or untrusted by the issuer.

**Classification**\
 An entry written to the WebMarshal reporting database when a request triggers a rule or policy action.

**Component**\
 Individual part of a WebMarshal implementation that performs a specific function. For example, a processing server, array manager or database, are WebMarshal components.

**Computer Name**\
 A name that uniquely identifies a computer on a network. The computer name cannot be the same as any other computer or domain name on the network. The network uses the computer name to identify the computer and to allow other users to access the shared resources on that computer.

**Console**\
 Interface that allows you to edit web access policy, configure server settings, and monitor browsing activity and server health in real time. Intended to be used by web administrators, managers, and help desk personnel.

**Cookie**\
 Small data file saved to a Web browser cache area by a web site, to uniquely identify the browser on return visits to the site. Cookies allow 'remember me' functions and user behavior tracking.

**CRL**\
 See Certificate Revocation List.

**Distinguished Name**\
 An address format used to locate and access objects in an X.500 directory using the LDAP protocol. This format specifies the complete path to the object through the hierarchy of containers in a domain. Each distinguished name is unique. For example, in Windows 2000 or later, a user object with the common name J. Doe in the organizational unit container called Users on the domain example.com, might be represented as follows: `CN=JDoe,OU=Users,DC=example,DC=com`

**DLL**\
 A library of executable functions or data that can be used by a Windows application. Typically, a DLL provides one or more particular functions and a program accesses these functions.

**DMZ**\
 A part of a local network that has controlled access, both to the Internet and to the internal network of the organization. Servers that provide gateway services for an organization are typically located in a DMZ.

**DNS**\
 See Domain Name Service (DNS).

**DNS blacklist**\
 A service that provides an automated response through the DNS protocol. DNS blacklists typically attempt to list email servers that are associated with spamming, open relays, or other unacceptable behavior.

**Domain Name Service (DNS)**\
 The Internet service that translates domain names into IP addresses.

**Event**\
 Any significant occurrence in the system or application that requires user notification or an entry to be added to an event log.

**Event Log**\
 A record of any event that happens on a server. Windows includes System, Security, and Application logs by default.

**Extensible Markup Language (XML)**\
 A data tagging language that permits the storage and interchange of structured data.

**Fault Tolerance**\
 The ability of a product to respond to a catastrophic event (fault) that ensures no data is lost and that any work in progress is not corrupted.

**Filtering List**\
 A categorized listing of websites, maintained externally to WebMarshal.

**Firewall**\
 A security system that is placed between the Internet and the private network of an organization, or within a network, and only passes authorized network traffic.

**Forefront TMG**\
 See Microsoft Internet Security and Acceleration Server.

**HTTPS**\
 Hypertext Transfer Protocol over Secure Socket Layer, or "secure HTTP". The standard method for secure encrypted Web browsing.

**Hyperlink**\
 An emphasized portion of text on a window that, when clicked, opens another document or window.

**IIS**\
 See Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS).

**ISA Server**\
 See Microsoft Internet Security and Acceleration Server.

**Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)**\
 A network protocol designed to work on TCP/IP stacks to extract information from a hierarchical directory such as X.500. It is useful for searching through data to find a particular piece of information. An example of an LDAP directory is the Active Directory in Windows 2000 or later. Objects in an LDAP directory are identified by their distinguished names.

**Load Balancing**\
 The practice of dividing processing load between a number of identically configured servers.

**Local Address Table (LAT)**\
 A list of IP addresses that belong to computers in the local network.

**Local Area Network (LAN)**\
 A group of computers in the same place that are connected and typically have the same network operating system installed. Users on a LAN can share storage devices, printers, applications, data, and other resources.

**MDAC**\
 See Microsoft Data Access Components (MDAC).

**Microsoft Data Access Components (MDAC)**\
 A set of network libraries and programming interfaces designed to allow client applications to connect to data providers such as SQL databases.

**Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS)**\
 A Web server application for Windows operating systems.

**Microsoft Internet Security and Acceleration Server**\
 A proxy and network edge application for Windows networks. The 2010 version of this application is known as Forefront Threat Management Gateway (TMG).

**Microsoft Management Console (MMC)**\
 A common interface designed to host administrative tools for networks, computers, services, and other system components.

**Microsoft SQL Express**\
 A freely distributable limited version of SQL Server.

**Non-browser Application**\
 A software application without a direct user display interface, that accesses the Internet using Web protocols. Includes browser helper applications and also automation functions of other software.

**Novell NDS**\
 Netware Directory Services, the directory used to store information about elements of Novell networks. It contains information about users, groups, computers, and organizational units.

**OCSP**\
 See Online Certificate Status Protocol.

**Online Certificate Status Protocol**\
 An Internet protocol used to obtain the revocation status of a digital certificate. OCSP responses can also be "stapled" to the TLS handshake that establishes a secure connection.

**Processing Server**\
 A computer in the WebMarshal array that accepts browsing requests and filters them, using the WebMarshal proxy and engine components.

**Proxy Cache**\
 A local copy of web documents and images that have been requested through a proxy server. When an item is requested, the proxy replies with the cached copy if possible, saving time and internet bandwidth.

**Proxy Server**\
 A computer that functions as a network gateway for particular content. Proxy servers can be used to filter requests, and also to improve access by keeping local copies of frequently used resources.

**Quota**\
 An allocation of browsing time or file size, permitted to a user or workstation over a specific interval.

**Registry**\
 A database repository for information about a computers configuration. The database is organized in a hierarchical structure of sub trees and their keys, hives, and value entries.

**Regular Expressions**\
 Search criteria for text pattern matching that provide more flexibility than simple wildcard characters.

**Remote Procedure Call (RPC)**\
 A standard protocol for client server communication that allows a distributed application to call services available on various computers in a network.

**Scalability**\
 Ability to distribute loads across multiple servers, allowing for greater accessibility and balanced traffic.

**Secure Socket Layer**\
 The standard protocol to provide a secure transmission channel for Web browsing and other Internet communications, using public-private key encryption.

**Server Group**\
 A set of WebMarshal processing servers that have the same customized configuration settings and rule conditions.

**Service Account**\
 In Windows NT and Windows 200x, a user account that a service uses to authenticate with the operating system. The account must have the specific rights and permissions required by that service.

**Session**\
 A period of continual Web browsing activity by a user.

**Snap-in**\
 An administrative application component designed to be hosted by the Microsoft Management Console (MMC).

**SQL Server**\
 The Microsoft enterprise database server software.

**Streaming Media**\
 Video or audio transmitted over a network that users can begin to play immediately instead of waiting for the entire file to download.

**Structured Query Language (SQL)**\
 A programming language used to retrieve information from a database.

**TextCensor**\
 The lexical analysis engine included in WebMarshal. TextCensor allows you to scan web pages, forms, and files for complex text content, using logical and positional operators and numerical scores.

**TRACEnet**\
 A proprietary service of LevelBlue that supplies "zero-day" updates for URL threat categories.

**Visit**\
 A set of webpage views by the same user on a single site or domain within a short period.

**WebSocket**\
 A standard for client-server communication over web connections.

**WELF**\
 WebTrends Enhanced Logging Format. A well known format for proxy and firewall logs.

**Wildcard Character**\
 A character in a search pattern that represents a number of arbitrary characters within the text being searched.

**X.500**\
 A global, hierarchical directory service. For example, a domain controller hosting Active Directory on a network running Windows 2000 or later provides an X.500 directory service.

**XML**\
 See Extensible Markup Language (XML).